Hyperprolactinemia and Pregnancy Outcome in Females Undergoing In vivo Fertilization or Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: A Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Since slight rises in prolactin levels are thought to interrupt ovulation and consequently impair fertility, it is unclear whether mild hyperprolactinemia should be treated before commencing IVF (In Vivo Fertilization) or ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) cycles. The goal of this study was to explore cumulative pregnancy results of IVF/ICSI treatments for infertility caused by tubal or male factors in persons with normal baseline prolactin levels to those with minor elevations, especially values less than 50 ng/ml.

Methods: The Comparative Observational Prospective Cohort research comprised 260 women who had IVF/ICSI due to anovulatory causes. Participants were separated into two groups: Group A had normal baseline prolactin levels (less than 25 ng/ml), while Group B had slightly increased basal prolactin levels (25-50 ng/ml). The study looked at cumulative pregnancy outcomes such the number of oocytes harvested, mature oocytes, and the quantity and quality of embryos.

Results: The study revealed that the rates of clinical pregnancy were significantly higher in women with mildly high prolactin levels compared to those with normal levels. In addition, the group with modestly increased prolactin had more M2 oocytes and embryos. Prolactin levels did not correlate with the number of recovered oocytes, M2 oocytes, or embryos.

Conclusion: In women undergoing IVF/ICSI, somewhat raised blood prolactin levels were associated with higher clinical conception rates, overall live birth rates, and more M2 oocytes and embryos.